Occurrence: Europe, South Africa, Middle East, Asia. USA (only turkeys), Latin America Species affected: Chickens and turkeys. Age affected: All.

Causes: Pneumovirus is a single-stranded, 80-200nm RNA virus.

Effects: Sneezing and nasal discharge, foamy conjunctivitis, swelling of infra-orbital sinuses, submandibular oedema, torticollis and cerebral disorientation may occur. Drop in egg production in layers. Mortality 0-10%.