You have searched for the index word: 'Mycoplasma complicated chronic respiratory disease'.
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The continued existence of mycoplasma infections in many poultry flocks around the world necessitates their control. With the use of proper control methods for layer breeders, replacement pullets and broilers, it is possible to successfully reduce the economic losses caused by mycoplasma infections.
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Epidemiology is defined as the study of the relationships of various factors determining the frequency and distribution of diseases in a community. It involves many aspects including the way a disease or infection spreads and factors involved in the animal's susceptibility, such as housing, overcrowding etc.
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From October 1999 to December 2001,North Carolina in the USA experiences unprecedented outbreaks of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) in commercial poultry flocks resulting in the quarantine of 104 farms. A field study showed the lessons to be learned.
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Efforts in the US to control Mycoplasma gallisepticum (Mg) began in the 1960's, in response to high condemnations from air sacculitis after the initiation of USDA post mortem inspections. Later M. synoviae (Ms) and M. meleagridis (Mm) were added to the program. Since then, significant progress has been made in controlling Mycoplasma infections in turkey and chicken breeding stocks.
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Recent studies show Mycoplasma synoviae plays a major role in decreased layer and broiler (breeder) performance as well as immunity suppression.
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Mycoplasma infections can be a major cause of losses in turkeys. Mixed infections with other disease agents and resistance to some antibiotics complicates the control of these infections. However trials have shown that tiamulin is active against all mycoplasma species found in turkeys.
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Mycoplasma outbreaks in UK commercial broiler breeders and turkeys show that Ms was more common than Mg and indicate that proximity of other broiler breeder farms was a significant risk factor. However there is no evidence that proximity of layer farms or game birds presents a risk.
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International poultry breeding companies are making a great effort to eradicate mycoplasma from their primary breeding stocks. Nevertheless, the control of mycoplasmosis in parent breeders and poultry production flocks remains a problem in some countries.
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Controlling Mg and Ms through vaccination is practiced in many parts of the world and is an important tool in the battle against mycoplasma.
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Prevention is the one and only way to control mycoplasma problems. Once a flock has been afflicted it is infected for life. Special attention is needed for a solid bio-security program.
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